Problem Solving sebagai Strategi Penguatan Berpikir Kritis dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66031/reset.v2i1.670Keywords:
Problem Solving, Critical Thinking, Mathematics Learning, Instructional StrategyAbstract
Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan kompetensi esensial dalam pembelajaran matematika abad ke-21, tetapi pengembangannya masih menghadapi tantangan karena pembelajaran sering berorientasi pada penguasaan prosedur dan pencapaian jawaban akhir. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran problem solving sebagai strategi penguatan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran matematika melalui kajian literatur. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan dengan menganalisis berbagai hasil penelitian terkait hubungan problem solving, pemecahan masalah matematis, dan berpikir kritis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa problem solving berfungsi bukan hanya sebagai strategi penyelesaian masalah, tetapi sebagai mekanisme pedagogis yang mengembangkan kemampuan interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, argumentasi, dan refleksi matematis. Efektivitasnya didukung oleh berbagai pendekatan pembelajaran, seperti Problem-Based Learning, pembelajaran kontekstual, dan blended learning, meskipun keberhasilannya dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal siswa, seperti self-efficacy, kemampuan metakognitif, dan resiliensi matematis. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa pembelajaran matematika perlu menempatkan problem solving sebagai prinsip utama dalam membangun pengalaman belajar yang berorientasi pada penalaran kritis, bukan sekadar penguasaan prosedur.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Gita Octavia Ramadhani, Rani Oktavia Herli, Fatqurhohman Fatqurhohman (Author)
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